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Skin Problem
Understand the causes of acne and discover effective treatments for clear, healthy skin.
4 min read
Table of Contents
85%
of teenagers develop acne
Source: Dermatology Studies
25%
of adult women have acne
Source: Clinical data
95%
is treatable
Source: Clinical practice
6-12
weeks for visible results
Source: MED-CLINIC data
Acne is one of the most common skin conditions affecting both teenagers and adults. It develops when hair follicles become clogged with sebum and dead skin cells, leading to blackheads, pimples and sometimes deep, painful cysts. At MED-CLINIC, we see clients daily who struggle with this frustrating skin condition.
Acne vulgaris, the medical term for common acne, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects the pilosebaceous units of the skin. The development of acne is a complex process that begins with increased sebum production by the sebaceous glands, often triggered by hormonal changes. Simultaneously, the hair follicle becomes blocked by a build-up of dead skin cells. This combination creates an ideal environment for the bacterium Cutibacterium acnes, which naturally lives on the skin.
When this bacterium multiplies in the blocked pore, it activates the immune system, leading to inflammation. This manifests as redness, swelling and pus — the characteristic signs of a spot. In severe acne, this inflammation can reach deeper into the skin, causing painful nodules and cysts that can leave scars.
It's important to understand that acne is not a hygiene problem. Excessive washing can actually irritate the skin and worsen symptoms. Acne is a medical condition that deserves professional treatment.
"Acne is much more than a cosmetic problem — it can have an enormous impact on self-confidence and quality of life. At MED-CLINIC, we don't just treat the symptoms, we address the underlying causes for lasting results."
— On the holistic approach to acne treatment
Nathalie Dayekh, CEO MED-CLINIC
The pathophysiology of acne involves four key factors that together contribute to the development of lesions. Firstly, hyperkeratinisation — an abnormal cornification of the cells lining the hair follicles. Secondly, seborrhoea plays a crucial role — the overproduction of sebum by the sebaceous glands under the influence of androgens. The third factor is bacterial colonisation by Cutibacterium acnes. Finally, inflammation plays a central role as the immune system responds to the bacterial activity.
Age — teenagers and young adults are at highest risk
Family history of acne
Hormonal conditions such as PCOS
Use of greasy or oily cosmetics
Regular friction on the skin (helmets, phones, face masks)
High stress levels
Certain dietary factors (dairy, high-glycaemic foods)
Working in humid or oily environments
At MED-CLINIC we offer proven effective treatments tailored to your specific skin type and the severity of acne.
Dr. Murad acne facial: 60 minutes for €120, or a course of 3 for €320. Book online.
Learn more →
Deep cleansing, extraction and hydration in one treatment. Ideal for mild to moderate acne.
Professional peel with salicylic or glycolic acid that cleanses pores and stimulates cell renewal.
Stimulates collagen production and cell renewal for smoother skin texture.
Medical-grade peels specifically formulated for acne-prone skin.
Need personal advice? Our skin specialists are happy to help you choose the right treatment during a free consultation.
Cleanse your face twice daily with a gentle, pH-balanced cleanser
Always use non-comedogenic skincare and makeup products
Avoid touching your face — hands carry bacteria
Change pillowcases regularly (every 2-3 days)
Use SPF50 daily — many acne treatments increase sun sensitivity
Manage stress through exercise, meditation or yoga
Avoid picking or squeezing spots — this causes scarring
Keep your phone screen clean — it touches your face daily
In addition to professional treatments, these lifestyle adjustments can help manage acne:
Maintain a consistent skincare routine — morning and evening
Exercise regularly to improve blood circulation and reduce stress
Get adequate sleep (7-9 hours) for skin repair and renewal
Stay hydrated — aim for 2 litres of water daily
Reduce dairy and high-sugar foods which can trigger breakouts
Clean makeup brushes weekly to prevent bacterial build-up
Myth
Acne is caused by poor hygiene
Fact
Acne is a hormonal and inflammatory condition. Over-washing can actually make it worse.
Sun exposure clears acne
Sun may temporarily mask redness but can worsen acne long-term and cause hyperpigmentation.
Only teenagers get acne
Adult acne is very common, especially in women aged 25-45 due to hormonal fluctuations.
You should let acne 'run its course'
Early treatment prevents scarring and psychological impact. Professional help makes a significant difference.
It's important to consult a specialist in time. Book an appointment if you recognise one or more of the following situations:
Find answers to the most common questions about acne. Have another question? Feel free to contact us.
This depends on the type and severity. For mild acne, HydraFacial and chemical peels work well. For moderate to severe acne, a combination of LED therapy, professional peels and targeted homecare is most effective.
Most clients notice improvement within 4-6 weeks with consistent treatment and homecare. Complete clearance typically takes 3-6 months.
Acne can recur, especially with hormonal triggers. That's why we create a maintenance plan including homecare to keep your skin clear long-term.
Some treatments and ingredients are not suitable during pregnancy. We always discuss this during your consultation and adjust your plan accordingly.
Research shows links between high-glycaemic foods, dairy and acne. While diet alone doesn't cause acne, it can be a contributing factor.
Yes! Skipping moisturiser can actually increase oil production. Choose a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturiser.
This information is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified skin specialist for a personalised assessment and treatment plan.
Discover more about similar skin conditions that often occur together
Book a free consultation with our skin specialists. We create a personalised treatment plan tailored to your skin and goals.
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